Field Demonstration:
Techniques for Characterizing Ground-Water Flow and Contaminant Transport in Fractured Rock

Posters and Publications on Display during Demonstration

• Poster Presentations
• Mirror Lake, NH
• Borehole Geophysics
• Borehole Radar
• General
• Air Slug Tests
• Geochemistry
• Local Studies

Poster Presentations

• Becker, M.W., and A. M. Shaprio, Diffusion-limited transport in fractured crystalline rock: Investigations using multiple tracers at multiple pumping rates: unpublished.
• Carleton, G.B. and R.H. Morin, Hydrologic characterization of a sedimentary-rock aquifer, Passaic Formation, New Jersey, from borehole geophysical logs and complementary hydraulic tests, abs., EOS, Fall Meeting Program, Transactions American Geophysical Union, p. 248, Dec. 15-19, 1996.
• Diodato, D.M., 1997. FracFlow96 Simulations of Multiphase Flow in the Unsaturated Zone at Yucca Mountain, NV, with Fluctuating Barometric Pressure and Variable Recharge. EOS, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, Supplement to the November 18, 1997 issue.
• Vroblesky, D.A., Lane, J.W., Bradley, P.M., and Aaron Green, 1998, Investigating microbial processes in fractured-rock aquifers: unpublished.
• Welty, Claire, and Carleton, G.B., 1996, Use of Hydraulic and Tracer Tests to Determine Flow and Transport Properties of a Fractured Sedimentary-Rock Aquifer in the Passaic Formation, New Jersey (abs.): Eos, Fall Meeting Program, Transactions American Geophysical Union, Dec. 15-19.

USGS Mirror Lake Fractured-Rock Research Site, Grafton County, NH

• Hsieh, P. A., Shapiro, A. M., Barton, C. C., Haeni, F. P., Johnson, C. D., Martin, C. W., Paillet, F. L., Winter, T. C., Wright, D. L., 1993, Methods of characterizing fluid movement and chemical transport in fractured rock, in Chaney, J. T., and Hepburn, J. C., eds., Field Trip Guidebook for Northeastern United States, v. 2: Geological Society of America, Boulder, CO, p. R1-R30.
• Shapiro, A. M., Hsieh, P. A., and Winter, T. C., 1995, The Mirror Lake Fractured Rock Research Site--A Multidisciplinary Research Effort in Characterizing Ground-Water Flow and Chemical Transport in Fractured Rock: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet FS-138-95, 2 p.
• Shapiro, A. M., and Hsieh, P. A., 1998, How good are estimates of transmissivity from slug tests in fractured rock?: Ground Water, v. 36, no. 1, p. 37-48.
• Tiedeman, C.R., Goode, D.J., and Hsieh, P.A., 1997, Numerical simulation of ground-water flow through glacial deposits and crystalline bedrock in the Mirror Lake area, Grafton County, NH: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1572, 50 p.
• Goode, D.J., P.A. Hsieh, A.M. Shapiro, W.W. Wood, and T.F. Kraemer, 1993, Concentration history during pumping from a leaky aquifer with stratified initial concentration: p. 29-35 in Shen, H.W., S.T. Su, and Feng Wen, (eds.), Hydraulic Engineering '93, Proc. ASCE Hydraulics Div. National Conf., July 25-30, 1993, San Francisco, ASCE, New York.

• Shapiro, A. M., and Hsieh, P. A., 1996, Overview of research on use of hydrologic, geophysical and chemical methods to characterize flow and chemical transport in fractured rock at the Mirror Lake site, NH, p. 71-80.
• Shapiro, A. M., and Hsieh, P. A., 1996, A new method of performing controlled injection of traced fluid in fractured crystalline rock, p. 131-136.
• Shapiro, A. M., Wood, W. W., Busenberg, E., Drenkard, S., Plummer, N., Torgersen, T., and Schlosser, P., 1996, A conceptual model for estimating regional ground-water velocity in bedrock of the Mirror Lake area, Grafton County, NH, p. 171-177.
• Hsieh, P. A., and Shapiro, A. M., 1996, Hydraulic characteristics of fractured bedrock underlying the FSE well field at the Mirror Lake site, Grafton County, NH, p. 127-130.
• Wood, W. W., Shapiro, A. M., Hsieh, P. A., and Councell, T. B., 1996, Observational, experimental and inferred evidence for solute diffusion in fractured granite aquifers: Examples from the Mirror Lake watershed, Grafton County, NH, p. 167-170.
• Drenkard, S., Torgersen, T., Weppernig, R., Farley, K., Schlosser, P., Michel, R. L., Shapiro, A. M., and Wood, W. W., 1996, Helium isotope analysis and tritium-helium age dating in the Mirror Lake basin, Grafton County, NH, p. 159-165.

Borehole Geophysics

• Lane, J.W., Jr., Haeni, F.P., and Watson, W.M., 1995, Use of a square-array direct-current resistivity method to detect fractures in crystalline bedrock, in New Hampshire: Ground Water, v. 33, no. 3, p. 476-485.
• Williams, J.H., and Lane, J.W., Jr., 1998, Advances in borehole geophysics for ground-water investigations: USGS Fact Sheet 002-98.
• Morin, R.H., Carleton, G.B., and Poirier, S., 1997, Fractured-aquifer hydrogeology from geophysical logs: The Passiac Formation: Ground Water, v. 35, no. 2, p. 328-338.
• F.L. Paillet and W.H. Pedler, 1996, Integrating borehole logging methods for wellhead protection, Engineering Geology, v. 42, p. 155-165.
• F.L. Paillet, 1993, Application of borehole geophysics in the characterization of flow in fractured rocks, in Trends in Geophysical Research, review volume, p. 127-153: U.S. Geological Survey Water-Resources Investigations Report 93-4214, 36 p.
• F.L. Paillet and Russel Duncanson, 1994, Comparison of drilling reports and detailed geophysical analysis of ground water production in bedrock wells, Ground Water, v. 32, no. 2, p. 200-206.
• F.L. Paillet and R.E. Crowder, 1996, A generalized approach for the interpretation of geophysical well logs in ground water studies - theory and application, Ground Water, v. 34, no. 5, p. 883-898.
• F.L. Paillet, 1998, Flow modeling and permeability estimation using borehole flow logs in heterogeneous fractured formations, Water Resources Research, v. 34, No. 5, p. 997-1010.

Borehole Radar

• Wright, D.L. and Lane, J.W., Jr., 1998, Mapping hydraulically permeable fractures using directional borehole radar and hole-to-hole tomography with a saline tracer, in Proceedings of the Symposium on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems, March 22-26, 1998, Chicago, Illinois, Proceedings: Environmental and Engineering Geophysical Society.
• Lane, J.W., Jr., Joesten, P.K., Haeni, F.P., Vendl, M., and Yeskis, D., 1998, Use of borehole radar methods to monitor the movement of a saline tracer in carbonate rock at Belvidere, Illinois, in Proceedings of the Symposium on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems, March 22-26, 1998, Chicago, Illinois, Proceedings: Environmental and Engineering Geophysical Society.
• Lane, J.W., Jr., Haeni, F.P., and Day-Lewis, F.D., 1998, Use of time-lapse attenuation-difference radar tomography methods to monitor saline tracer transport in fractured crystalline bedrock, in Seventh International Conference on Ground-Penetrating Radar (GPR '98), Lawrence, Kansas, May 27-30, 1998, Advance Program: Lawrence, Kansas, University of Kansas.
• Lane, J.W., Jr., Haeni, F.P., and Versteeg, R., 1998, Use of multi-offset borehole-radar reflection method in fractured crystalline bedrock at Mirror Lake, New Hampshire, in Proceedings of the Symposium on the Application of Geophysics to Engineering and Environmental Problems, March 22-26, 1998, Chicago, Illinois, Proceedings: Environmental and Engineering Geophysical Society.

General

• Anderson, M.T., Buxton, H.T., Rickert, D.A., and Morganwalp, D.W., 1995, Toxic substances hydrology program: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet FS-064-95, 4 p.
• Shapiro, A. M., and Andersson, J., 1985, Simulation of steady-state flow in three-dimensional fracture networks using the boundary-element method, Advances in Water Resources, v. 8, p. 106-110.
• Shapiro, A. M., 1989, Interpretation of oscillatory water levels in observation wells during aquifer tests in fractured rock, Water Resources Research, v. 25, p. 2129-2137.
• Risser, D.W., and Barton, G.J., 1995, A strategy for delineating the area of ground-water contribution to wells completed in fractured bedrock aquifers in Pennsylvania: USGS WRIR 95-4033, 30 p.
• Leake, S.A., 1997, Modeling ground-water flow with MODFLOW and related programs: U.S. Geological Survey Fact Sheet FS-121-97, 4 p.

Air Slug Tests

• Shapiro, A. M., and Greene, E. A., 1995, Interpretation of prematurely terminated air-pressurized slug tests, Ground Water, v. 33. no. 4, p. 539-546.
• Greene, E. A., and Shapiro, A. M., 1995, Methods of conducting air-pressurized slug tests and computation of type curves for estimating transmissivity and storativity, U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 95-424, 43 p.
• Greene, E. A., and Shapiro, A. M., 1998, AIRSLUG: A FORTRAN Program for the Computation of Type Curves to Estimate Transmissivity and Storativity from Prematurely Terminated Air-Pressurized Slug Tests, Ground Water, v. 36, no. 2, p. 373-376.

Geochemistry

• Zoltan Szabo, Ticie A.Taylor, Dorothy F. Payne, and Tamara Ivahnenko, 1997, Relation of hydrogeologic characteristics to distribution of radioactivity in ground water, Newark Basin, New Jersey, U.S. Geological Survey, WRIR-95-4136.
• Zoltan Szabo and Otto S. Zapecza, 1991, Geologic and geochemical factors controlling uranium, radium-226, and radon-222 in ground water, Newark Basin, New Jersey, in, Field Studies of Radon in Rocks, Soils and Water, U.S. Geological Bulletin 1971.
• Tamara Ivahnenko, Zoltan Szabo, and Gene S. Hall, 1996, Use of an ultra-clean sampling technique with inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry to determine trace-element concentrations in water from the Kirkwood-Cohansey aquifer system, Coastal Plain, New Jersey, U.S. Geological Survey OFR 96-142.
• Zoltan Szabo, Donald E. Rice, L. Niel Plummer, E. Busenberg, S. Drenkard, and P. Schlosser, 1996, Age dating of shallow groundwater with chlorofluorocarbons, tritium/helium3, and flow path analysis, southern New Jersey Coastal Plain, Water Resources Research, v. 32, no. 4, pp. 1023-1038.

Local Studies

• Carleton, G.B., Welty, Claire, and Buxton, H.T., 1999, Design and analysis of tracer tests to determine effective porosity and dispersivity in fractured sedimentary rocks, Newark Basin, New Jersey: U.S. Geological Survey Water Resources Investigations Report 98-4126A, 80 p.
• Carleton, G.B., 1997, Use of a porous-media numerical model to estimate hydraulic properties of fractured sedimentary rocks of the Passaic Formation, N.J.: (abs.), GSA Abstracts with Programs, Northeast Section, vol. 29, no. 1, p. 35.
• Sloto, R.A., 1997, Results of borehole geophysical logging and aquifer-isolation tests conducted in the John Wagner and Sons, Inc. former production well, Ivyland, Pennsylvania: USGS WRIR 97-4095, 18 p.
• Conger, R.W., 1996, Borehole geophysical logging for water-resources investigations in Pennsylvania: USGS Fact Sheet FS-218-95, 4 p.
• Sloto, R.A., 1996, Use of borehole geophysical methods to identify and prevent cross-contamination in a multiaquifer groundwater system: Journal of Environmental and Engineering Geophysics, v. 1, no 1, p. 13-20.
• Williams, J.H., and Conger, R.W., 1990, Preliminary delineation of contaminated water-bearing fractures intersected by open-hole bedrock wells: Ground Water Monitoring Review, v. 10, no. 4, p. 118-126.
• Goode, D.J., Senior, L.A., and Amantia, Andrea, 1997, Aquifer tests and regional ground-water flow in fractured Triassic rock, Lansdale, Pennsylvania: (abs.), GSA Abstracts with Programs, vol. 29, no. 1, p. 49.
• Senior, L.A., and Conger, R.W., 1997, Use of borehole geophysical logging and water-level data to characterize the ground-water system in the Lockatong and Brunswick formations: (abs.), GSA Abstracts with Programs, vol. 29, no. 1, p. 78.
• Sloto, R.A., 1997, Use of Borehole Geophysical Methods to Define Ground-Water-Flow Systems in the Stockton Formation, Newark Basin, Pennsylvania: (abs.), GSA Abstracts with Programs, Northeast Section, vol. 29, no. 1, p. 81.

Glen Carleton, West Trenton, New Jersey; (609) 771-3921; carleton@usgs.gov
Dan Goode, Malvern, Pennsylvania; (610) 647-9008 x203; djgoode@usgs.gov
John Williams, Troy, New York; (518) 285-5670; jhwillia@usgs.gov
Allen Shapiro, Reston, Virginia; (703) 648-5884; ashapiro@usgs.gov